在中国传统山水画中，水墨通过浓淡、干湿、枯润变化形成的隐性色彩，是传递意境的核心媒介。本文以米友仁《潇 湘奇观图》为案例，分析其水墨色彩的技法表现、画面呈现及对诗意意境的构建作用。研究发现，米友仁以泼墨、破墨、点 染等手法，将水墨转化为兼具明暗层次、空间韵律与情感温度的色彩语言，既还原了潇湘地区云雾缭绕的自然特质，又传递 出超越物象的精神内涵。通过与西方写实色彩观对比，进一步揭示中国传统水墨色彩 “以简驭繁”的美学价值，为理解传 统山水色彩体系提供视角。

In traditional Chinese landscape painting, the implicit colors formed by ink wash through variations in density, dryness, wetness, and moisture are the core medium for conveying artistic conception. Taking Mi Youren's "Wonderous Scenery of the Xiao and Xiang Rivers" as a case study, this paper analyzes the technical expression of ink wash colors, the presentation of the painting, and their role in constructing a poetic artistic conception. The study finds that Mi Youren, through techniques such as splashed ink, broken ink, and dotting-dyeing, transformed ink wash into a color language that integrates light-dark layers, spatial rhythm, and emotional warmth. This not only restores the natural characteristics of the mist-shrouded Xiao and Xiang River regions but also conveys spiritual connotations that transcend the material forms of objects. By comparing with the Western realistic view of colors, this paper further reveals the aesthetic value of "governing complexity with simplicity" in traditional Chinese ink wash colors, providing a perspective for understanding the color system of traditional landscape painting.