中国画“五色观”蕴含着深厚的传统文化底蕴与独特的色彩哲学，在当代美育中对于构建文化认同具有重要意义。 本文从理论溯源出发，剖析五色体系的文明起源、五行哲学的色彩内涵及丹青美学范式，探讨其与当代美育在情感教育、美 学启示和思维培养等方面的契合性。同时指出当前在传统与现代色彩体系衔接、专业教学传承以及数字艺术冲击下的困境， 并有针对性地提出融合、革新与创新的构建路径。通过具体案例分析，验证“五色观”在当代美育中促进文化认同的实践成 效，为传承与弘扬中华优秀传统文化提供新视角与思路。

The"Five-Color View"of Chinese painting contains profound traditional cultural background and unique color philosophy,and is of great significance for constructing cultural identity in contemporary aesthetic education.This article starts from the theoretical origin,analyzes the cultural origin of the five-color system,the color connotation of the Five Elements philosophy and the aesthetic paradigm of painting and calligraphy,and explores its compatibility with contemporary aesthetic education in aspects such as emotional education,aesthetic enlightenment and thinking cultivation.At the same time,it points out the current predicaments under the connection of traditional and modern color systems,the inheritance of professional teaching,and the impact of digital art,and specifically proposes the construction paths of integration,innovation and reform. Through the analysis of specific cases,verify the practical effectiveness of the"Five-Color View"in promoting cultural identity in contemporary aesthetic education,and provide new perspectives and ideas for the inheritance and development of excellent traditional Chinese culture.