In the practice of middle school art teaching, students often face problems related to color application when creating art. These problems are mainly caused by students' lack of systematic understanding of the use of color purity and brightness, making it difficult to achieve creative goals through a reasonable combination of the two. Based on this, the study conducted an in-depth analysis of the significance of color purity and brightness in art creation, and proposed a series of application techniques for color purity and brightness in middle school art creation, in order to provide practical reference for middle school art teachers to carry out color teaching.