This paper discusses how to cultivate students' color cognition and application ability through different strategies in primary school art education. The article analyzes the importance of color, emphasizing that it is not only a visual element, but also a tool to express emotion and creativity. By using color games, emotional expression training and multi-media creation, students can better understand and master the expression of color. The purpose of this paper is to provide specific teaching advice to help teachers effectively guide students to break through the traditional use of color in teaching, and enhance students' artistic creativity and expression ability.