This study comprehensively explores the application value and practical approaches of Dunhuang mural color symbols in visual communication design. Through analyzing and extracting the color system of Dunhuang murals, it summarizes their unique symbolic characteristics and aesthetic connotations, and pioneers the interpretation of their color composition, symbolic meanings, and cultural roots. The research further elucidates the significance of inheriting cultural heritage, enhancing expressive effects, and establishing brand recognition in contemporary design. Based on specific examples, it proposes practical measures from three dimensions: direct color scheme transformation, modern presentation of cultural connotations, and brand image system construction. This study aims to provide visual communication design with color language materials that combine ethnic characteristics and international perspectives, facilitating the innovative evolution and expansion of traditional cultural symbols in modern design.