With the continuous deepening of education reform, ordinary high school art characteristic classes aimed at providing qualified students to higher art colleges have sprung up like mushrooms in various places. Establishing art characteristic classes in regular high schools is beneficial for cultivating qualified and talented individuals, and for ensuring the quality of students in higher art colleges. In order to improve the core literacy of high school students in art and comprehensively optimize the effectiveness of natural color perception training, this article conducts a series of analysis and research on the methods of natural color perception training in high school art teaching. The results indicate that adopting innovative teaching methods, expanding outdoor scenes, and improving evaluation mechanisms significantly enhances students' color observation ability, cultural understanding ability, and creative expression ability, thereby promoting the achievement of innovative development goals in high school art teaching.