Aesthetic ability is the key to children's all-round development. As an aesthetic education practice, natural color collection activities can effectively cultivate children's aesthetic ability. This paper first systematically analyzes the core path that the activity affects children's aesthetic ability, and examines the problems existing in the implementation of the activity. Aiming at the problems existing in the implementation of the activity, this paper puts forward some optimization strategies, such as improving the objectives, optimizing methods, strengthening training, creating an environment, and establishing home school social cooperation, so as to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for the practice of children's aesthetic education.