As the core area of multi-ethnic settlements in China, Yunnan's unique geographical environment, climate conditions, and diverse ethnic cultures have jointly nurtured a highly recognizable ethnic pattern color system. This article takes the traditional pattern colors of major ethnic groups such as the Yi, Bai, Dai, and Naxi in Yunnan as the research object, systematically exploring the regional formation reasons, core characteristics, and cultural meanings of Yunnan ethnic pattern colors. The aim is to provide theoretical support for the inheritance and innovation of traditional ethnic color culture, and to help the effective dissemination of regional cultural symbols in the field of modern design.