In the process of teaching art color in primary schools, artificial intelligence technology has significant advantages in empowering, and has shown excellent results in expanding teaching resources, optimizing classroom interaction, and empowering creative practice. In order to greatly improve the quality of color teaching and students' core art literacy, the article carries out a series of analysis and research on the application of artificial intelligence technology in primary school art color teaching. The results show that the specific adoption of application strategies such as optimizing technology adaptation, strengthening the cultivation of teachers, and focusing on the core of color has significantly improved students' ability to consolidate color foundation, color perception and innovation, so as to promote the goal of high-quality development in primary school art color teaching.