In order to promote the inheritance and application of folk art colors, the article first briefly analyzes the connotation and characteristics of folk art colors, and deeply analyzes the significance of the inheritance and innovative application of folk art colors in primary school art classrooms. Corresponding strategies are formulated to explore the cultural connotations of folk art colors and transform them into teaching resources for primary school art classrooms. The results indicate that the inheritance and application of folk art colors in primary school art classrooms is a process of inheriting and promoting excellent traditional Chinese culture through primary school art classrooms, and it is also a way for primary school art classroom teaching to comply with the requirements of the new curriculum reform. The connection and integration of folk art colors with primary school art classrooms can help enhance the role of primary school art classroom teaching in cultivating students' core literacy in art subjects, and generate a strong interest in folk art among students. By actively participating in primary school art classrooms, students can naturally play a role in inheriting folk art colors.