In the practice of primary school art education, the cultivation of color perception ability often has certain limitations. Many primary school art teachers' teaching mostly stay in the simple explanation of the basic properties of color or organize students to carry out mechanical color mixing exercises, and fail to fully guide students to associate color perception with life reality, emotional experience and cultural background. In order to solve this problem, the research puts forward strategies to cultivate students' color perception ability from three aspects: guiding students to observe the nature of life, carrying out interesting color experiments, and integrating color culture cognition into teaching, aiming to provide practical reference for primary school art teachers to carry out color teaching.