本文通过对于《说文解字》中对马匹毛色的分类，重点归纳出赤、黑、白、黄、青、五大色系。通过解析 “骍”“骊”“骆”“騧”“骢”等代表性马名及其文献出处，揭示了古人以毛色为基础、融合局部特征的精细命名逻辑。 总结各色系马匹被赋予的独特文化象征：赤色系关联英雄勇武，黑色系体现礼制威仪，白色系象征祥瑞圣洁，黄色系承载权 力天命，青色系隐喻文士清逸。这些分类不仅反映古代动物学观察的严谨性，更通过色彩与礼制、文学、哲学的互动，构建 了一套完整的符号化认知。

Through the classification of horse coat color in "Shuowenjiezi", this paper focuses on the red, black, white, yellow, green and five color systems. This paper reveals the fine naming logic of the ancients based on coat color and local features by analyzing the representative horse names such as "coat" "horse""Locke""horse" and their literature provenance. It is concluded that all kinds of horses are endowed with unique cultural symbols: red related hero Yongwu, black embodies etiquette, white symbolizes auspiciousness and holiness, yellow carries power and destiny, and cyan is metaphorical literati Qingyi. These classifications not only reflect the rigor of ancient zoological observation, but also construct a complete set of symbolic cognition through the interaction between color and etiquette, literature and philosophy.